CHINA'S MYSTERIOUS PNEUMONIA OUTBREAK

CHINA'S MYSTERIOUS PNEUMONIA OUTBREAK

After clusters of undiagnosed pneumonia in children were reported in northern China, the authorities there have reported an increase in the incidence of respiratory diseases and have attributed this to the circulation of various pathogens such as mycoplasma pneumoniae, a bacteria that’s not as infectious as a virus like COVID-19 but has affected vast swathes of the population.

Mycoplasma pneumonia is a bacterial infection that can cause many symptoms, including dry cough, fever and mild shortness of breath on exertion. However, the bacteria has been around for a long time, so doctors can manage the infection. So there is no need to panic at the moment. 

What is mycoplasma pneumonia

It is not a new bacteria and has been around for some time but as the outbreak in China shows, it has been widespread at the community level. It’s a type of bacteria but acts more like a virus and spreads faster from person to person. It infiltrates both sides of the lungs, increasing cough and breathing difficulties. It damages the lining of the respiratory system (throat, lungs, windpipe). People can have the bacteria in their nose or throat at one time or another without being ill. There can be a fall in oxygen levels. Usually we don’t see such an outbreak of mycoplasma, so whether there has been some changes in the bacteria among a vulnerable group in China is not clear yet. 

How does it spread and what are its symptoms

It is not that rapidly infectious as a virus but it can affect our throat and our nasal cavities and descend to the lungs very quickly, causing pneumonia. That’s why you need to limit your exposure to any person sneezing or persistent coughing in a closed or crowded environment. Signs include the breakup of red blood cells, a skin rash and joint pain. The risk of contracting the infection peaks in winter. Children may report a stuffy or runny nose, sore throat, watery eyes, wheezing, vomiting and diarrhea.

How can one avoid this infection

Build your immunity with a good diet, exercise and sleep, avoid crowded spaces and wear a mask in a social environment as it protects you from all types of respiratory illness. Practice good hygiene by washing your hands before eating or after interacting with infected people.

Who is at risk

The bacteria can cause pneumonia in any age group, especially in children, elderly or those with weakened lungs. If one has a cough, fever and heavy breathing, one should immediately contact a doctor. In early stages, the recovery is faster and better. Vulnerable groups, who already have respiratory issues, are prone to developing this infection in a severe form.